Lophiopoacea paramacrostoma
Lophiopoacea paramacrostoma Ariyaw., Thambug., Camporesi & K.D. Hyde, in Thambugala et al., Fungal Diversity: 10.1007/s13225-015-0348-3, [23] (2015)
Index Fungorum number: IF 551241; Facesofungi number: FoF 00807
Etymology: Referring to ***********************
Holotype: MFLU 14-0590
Saprobic on Poaceae species in terrestrial habitats. Sexual morph: Ascomata 220–310 μm high × 220–375 μm diam. (x̄ = 267 × 289 μm, n =5), scattered to gregarious, immersed, coriaceous, dark brown to black, surrounded by a small blackened pseudoclypeus, subglobose to conical, ostiolate. Ostiole slit-like, central, with a reduced crest and a pore-like opening, plugged by gelatinous tissue, made up of lightly pigmented, pseudoparenchymatous cells. Peridium 30–65 μm wide (x̄ = 46 μm, n = 15), wider at the apex, and thinner at the base, composed of two strata, outer stratum comprising several layers with dark brown to black, somewhat flattened cells of textura angularis, fusing and indistinguishable from the host tissues, inner stratum comprising several layers with lightly pigmented cells of textura angularis. Hamathecium comprising 1.5–2.5 μm wide, septate, branched, cellular pseudoparaphyses, situated between and above the asci, embedded in a gelatinous matrix. Asci 75–105 × 9–13.5 μm (x̄ = 86 × 11.5 μm, n = 15), 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindric-clavate, with a long pedicel, rounded at the apex, with an indistinct ocular chamber. Ascospores 35–40 × 4.8–6.7 μm (x̄ = 37.7 × 5.6 μm, n = 20), uniseriate to bi-seriate, overlapping, hyaline, fusiform with narrow, acute ends, 1-septate, euseptate, constricted at the septum, region above central septum widest, smooth-walled, guttulate, lacking a mucilaginous sheath. Asexual morph: Undetermined.
Culture characteristics: Ascospores germinating on PDA within 24 h and producing germ tubes from both ends. Colonies on PDA growing slowly, reaching 52 mm diam. After 10 days at 25 °C, effuse, circular, whitish grey, dense, with entire to slightly undulate edge
Material examined: ITALY, Province of Forlì-Cesena [FC], Monte Vescovo, on dead Arundo pliniana Turra (Poaceae), 20 December 2011, Erio Camporesi E3 (MFLU 14-0590, holotype); ibid., (HHUF 30461, isotype), ex-type living culture, MFLUCC 11-0463, ICMP 20759
GenBank:
Notes: We introduce a new genus Lophiopoacea in Lophiostomataceae based on both morphological characters together with multi-gene phylogeny of the new species Lophiopoacea paramacrostoma and Lophiostoma winteri (Sacc.) G. Winter. Lophiopoacea and Lophiostoma are morphologically similar genera, but they are phylogenetically different. In the phylogenetic tree the ex-type strain of L. paramacrostoma clustered with two putatively named strains of Lophiostoma winteri (JCM 17648, MAFF 239454) as a distinct group. Therefore, Lophiopoacea winteri is introduced for Lophiostoma winteri and accepted as second species of Lophiopoacea. Lophiopoacea winteri differs from L. paramacrostoma in having a peridium with brown to reddish brown, flattened cells of textura angularis and 5-septate ascospores, with a thin mucilaginous sheath. Lophiopoacea paramacrostoma shares similar morphological traits with Lophiostoma macrostomum, the type species of Lophiostoma. Both have ascomata with slit-like ostioles and 1-septate, hyaline, fusiform ascospores with narrow, acute ends. Lophiopoacea paramacrostoma differs from Lophiostoma macrostomum in having a reduced crest, a peridium comprising two strata with hyaline to brown, large cells of textura angularis, wider pseudoparaphyses and larger, fusiform ascospores.
Figure x. Lophiopoacea paramacrostoma (holotype). a. Appearance of ascomata on host surface b. Section through ascoma c, d. Peridium. note the ostiole in c e. Pseudoparaphyses f. Immature ascus g. Mature ascus with ascospores h–k. Ascospores. Scale bars: b=100μm, c, d=50 μm, e=10 μm, f, g=20 μm, h–k=20 μm.
References:
Thambugala KM, Hyde KD, Tanaka K, Tian Q et al. 2015 – Towards a natural classification and backbone tree for Lophiostomataceae, Floricolaceae, and Amorosiaceae fam. nov. Fungal Diversity. 74, 199–266.